Malay Ghost

                    Malay Ghost 

Toyol

 these are actually ghostly kids that people adopt for the objective of stealing other people’s money. It is believed that this spirit is kept and preserved in a jar in a form of a fetus. Because the toyol is kept by people to do bidding, you have to feed it with blood every day.   It is also believed that toyol invoked by a bomoh from a dead human fetus usin black magic.  It is possible to buy a toyol from such a bomoh. The toyol may be used to steal things from other people, or to do mischief. A toyol is considered to be childlike in their thinking. Valuables can be protected by scattering beans on the floor, or leaving sweets or toys next to them, all of which will distract the toyol.It is said that the owner of a Toyol may become rich, but at the expense of the health, fortune and even the lives of members of their family

Pontianak  

also known as the vampire where it is belief that they are usually ladies dressed in white seeking for revenge. The pontianak is said to be the spirit of a woman died of childbirth. Most of the time, they can look very beautiful but if you look closely, she would have razor sharp teeth. They usually comes out after the sun sets searching for men or pregnant women (apparently, it is said that she could not bear the thought of other women being able to enjoy motherhood) to suck blood. Sometimes, they even eat the flesh of babies ripped out from their mother’s womb. When she is close, she gives off a strong smell like flowers. Hantu Langsuiris another name for this ghost, generally used for the woman who has died in childbirth, and who is less dangerous.The Indonesian Kuntilanak is similar to Pontianak, but more commonly takes the form of a bird and sucks the blood of virgins and young women. In the female form, when a man approaches her she suddenly turns and reveals that her back is hollow (more accurately called Sundel Bolong . The bird, which makes a "ke-ke-ke" sound as it flies, may be sent through black magic to make a woman sick, the characteristic symptom being vaginal bleeding.

Polong 

 unseen  ghost that can be used by black magic practitioners (bomoh) to harm someone. It is said to have been created from the blood of a murdered person and this blood is put into a bottle for one to two weeks before the spirit is invoked with incantations and magic spells. The owner must feed the polong daily with blood from his finger.

Pelesit 

 a ghost in the form of grasshopper,cricket etc  used by bomohs to possess someone It enters a house in the form of a cricket or house fly, and spreads misery and unhappiness in advance of the arrival of a polong. It also drinks blood from open cuts or wounds. Both the pelsit and the polong can be forced to reveal the name of their owner through magical questioning.

Bunian 

 good ghost or jinns (genie) that is usually found in the jungle. Loves to help humans in trouble or in need. There are stories of human men marrying female Orang Bunion, but as a result also becoming invisible. They are normally female.

Hantu Bungkus (Pocong) 

 ghost jumping around wrapped in white shroud.They can jump about 100m from one point to anther.

Hantu Bukit 

 ghosts that haunt the hilly areas,

Hantu Jepun 

translates as Japanese ghost. Believed to appear wearing WW2 army attire carrying samurai swords. Usually found marching or if you are lucky, you can only hear the footsteps of marching. They are mostly headless.

 Hantu Air 

water ghost found usually in rivers, lakes and swimming pools. They are usually the victim of drowning. Sometimes it appears as a floating log. The ghost or spirit may be dangerous, and may drown or eat people.

Hantu Galah (pole ghost) 

is a very tall and thin ghost found among the trees and bamboos. To make it disappear, a person simply picks up a stick or twig and breaks it. It is normally female.

Kum Kum 

 an old witch who attacks young virgins to restore her youth and beauty.

Hantu Raya 

ghosts that acts as a double for the bomoh. It is the most dangerous of Malay ghosts. It has great strength and can change into any shape, may help its owner become rich and may cause harm or death to the owner's enemies. However, the ghost may also impersonate the owner, making love to his wife. The ghost is said to have a limited range, being unable to go far from its home.

Hantu Tetek 

translates as Ghost Breast. This ghost is a female with huge breasts which is said to use it to suffocate her victims 

 Ceplos

 is a type of childish youthful male ghost which main objective is to protect its owner, especially warding off other black magic practitioner or ghost owner.

Hantu Bajang 

is a spirit who takes the form of a fox or polecat and who eats fetuses and drinks the milk of lactating women. A variant is Hantu Kopek (Nipple ghost), who appears as an old woman with pendulous breasts. The striations of pregnancy are said to be the scars left by the attack of the bajang. Sharp metal objects such as scissors placed near the baby will help to protect it from the bajang.

Hantu Pari Pari 

fairy ghosts ,usually female.

Hantu Penanggalan (Hantu Tengelong) 

Usually women studying black magic that has the ability to split its body from its head and fly around with its guts hanging around. It is said that its love to suck the blood of women during childbirth. There are several stories of her origins. One is that she was a woman who was sitting meditating in a large wooden vat used for making vinegar when she was so startled that her head jumped up from her body, pulling her entrails with it. Another has her as a normal woman during the day, whose head and entrails leave her body at night. If a baby is expected, branches from the thistle, jeruju placed around the doors or windows will protect the house, since her entrails will be caught by the thorns. The Philippine Manananggal is a similar vampire who can separate her upper torso from her lower body in order to fly in the night with huge bat-like wings to prey on unsuspecting, pregnant women in their homes, using an elongated proboscis-like tongue .A similar concept is also found with the Thai Krasue.

Hantu Kubur 

just like its direct translation of ghost cemetary. These ghosts are usually found haunting cemetaries

Orang Minyak 

 also known as “oily man”. They are usually seen all covered in black oil and is said to love rape virgins.

                Indian  Ghosts

Mohini Pisasu

Appears as a beautiful lady who preys on man's blood and is some sort of a demons.  It  is said that the ghost usually will  not touch a man if he urinates in a circle and sit inside  the circle.Even  we don’t know how much true is it, but its worth to give a try  in case of emergency situation .It is believed that young girls who died  as a rape  or sexually  abused victim  tend to be this types of ghost.

KuttiChatan

The Indian equivalent of toyol or the fetus  devil(small kid size ghosts)..It is less scarier and more naughtier as it is reputed to be pitch black with a scary  smile . It basically does things that its master commands it to do but is totally allergic to divine stuff.

Ratha Kaateri

This demonic woman who loves blood.Most probably large size human mosquito . The mohini pisasu at least satisfies man by appearing  beautiful. This demon  however straight away appears like she just got acidified with ugly face

Vaethlaam 

A  ghost which haunts trees like muragai maram, vaeppai maram etc .It s eternal enemy to king  Vethaalam is a rare breed of spirits. They normally live in drumstick trees whereas ghost prefers tamarind tree. Vethalam used to be very active in days of yore and they were known to engage renowned kings like Vikramadityan in intellectual and mind stimulating conversation. Historians have recorded that Emperor Vikramadityan spent more time answering the riddles posed by Vethaalam than in ruling his kingdom.

Kollivaai pisasu 

is the one that breathes fire like a chinese dragon. Though it is very scary in appearance, they dont harm people.It  is believe that  fisherman who went to sea late at night see them the most.

Vikramathithan, 

A sort od Indian equivalent to Vampire

Bootham

  A ghost  resemble  like the Aladdin lamp ghost 

Headaches

                                                                  

                                                                                HEADACHES

There are several types of headaches. In fact, 150 diagnostic headache categories have been established.However, only few will be discussed here..

Sinus Headache: Sinus headaches are associated with a deep and constant pain in the cheekbones, forehead, or bridge of the nose. The pain usually intensifies with sudden head movement or straining and usually occurs with other sinus symptoms, such as nasal discharge, feeling of fullness in the ears, fever, redness on the face areas and facial swelling.For  some people it may also associates with fever,joint pains.

Treatment: 1.Antibacterial drugs such as amoxycilin can be take in case of infection.

                    2.Paracetamol can be use for fever.

                    3.Nasal decongestant such as oxymetazoline can be used but do not take it more than   

                    3 days as it can cause rebound congestion.In that case nasal saline spray is better.

                   4.Breathe in steam from a pot on the stove.

       

Cluster headaches : It is not very common but  the most severe.Type of primary headache, the pain of a cluster headache is intense and may be described as having a burning or piercing quality that is throbbing or constant. The pain is so severe that most cluster headache sufferers cannot sit still and will often pace during an attack. The pain is located behind one eye or in the eye region, without changing sides. The term "cluster headache" refers to headaches that have a characteristic grouping of attacks. Cluster headaches occur one to three times per day during a cluster period, which may last two weeks to three months. The headaches may disappear completely for months or years, then have a sudden onset.The pain usually unilateral.It did not cause pain on both side.It is more common for men than women.It is describes as most painful condition in the medical science,worst than childbirth.It causes is not fully understood,yet some theory suggest that its due to the dilation of vessels in brain causes pressure o the 5th cranial nerve(trigeminal).

Treatment:1.It does not response to paracetamol,aspirin nor ibuprofen(NSAId)

                 2.Only prophylaxis way can be used.

                 3.Sumatriptan and lidocain can be used.

Mixed headache syndrome: Also called transformed migraines, this is a combination of migraine and tension headaches. Both adults and children experience this type of headache.

Treatment: Follow the same treatment  below.

Migraines: The exact cause are unknown, although they are related to blood vessel contractions and other changes in the brain as well as inherited abnormalities in certain areas of the brain. Migraine pain is moderate to severe, often described as pounding, throbbing pain. They can last from four hours to three days and usually occur one to four times per month. Migraines are associated with symptoms such as sensitivity to light(photophobia), noise(phonophoia), or odors; nausea or vomiting; loss of appetite; and stomach upset or abdominal pain. When a child is having a migraine they often look pale, feel dizzy, have blurred vision, fever, stomach upset,always try to locked in a dark room.

Treatment:1.Aspirin or paracetamol

                 2.For nausea and vommiting ,metochlopromide or prochlorerazine can be used.

                 3.For prevention ,pizoifen  or propranolol can be used.

Tension headaches: Also called chronic daily headaches or chronic non-progressive headaches , or pressure  tension headaches are the most common type of headaches among adults and adolescents. These muscle contraction headaches cause mild to moderate pain and come and go over a prolonged period of time.The pain usually bilateral.

Treatment:1.Avoiding those causes.

                  2Paracetamol or asprin 

                  3.Tricyclics such as promethazine and antidepressant.

Acute headaches: Seen in children, these are headaches that occur suddenly and for the first time and have symptoms that subside after a relatively short period of time. Acute headaches most commonly result in a visit to the pediatrician's office and/or the emergency room. If there are no neurological signs or symptoms, the most common cause for acute headaches in children and adolescents is a respiratory or sinus infection.

Treatment: 1.Ibuprofen

Hormone headaches: Headaches in women are often associated with changing hormone levels that occur during menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause. Chemically induced hormone changes, such as with birth control pills, also trigger headaches in some women.

Treatment:1.Avoid those drugs.

                  2.Massage and relaxation.

 Headaches from Eyestrain: .This types of headaches is not severe.It might caused by watching too much television ,using computer for long time,reading under dull light.Sometimes loss of eye sight power also can be the cause.

Treatment:1.Make some stretching,massage,new eyeglasses.

There are many causes for headaches,from mild to severe.Such are,hangover due to alcohol,medication induced headaches from OTC drugs..Whatever it is be sure to consult a doctor to find out what is causing your headaches .

by Lakdhes