Types of Execution

Types of Death Penalty

Death penalty is the punishment  used to punish people for willful murder.It also called as capital punishment, the death penalty, death sentence, or execution.It is a legal process whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.In many countries it used as punishment for other crimes, such as dealing drugs or in some countries even for adultery.There are various methods of execution used around the world such as:

- Hanging

 Hanging is carried out in a variety of ways: the short drop is when the prisoner is made to stand on an object which is then thrust away ,leaving them to die by strangulation. This was a common method of hanging used by the Nazis and was the most common form used before the 1850s. Death is slow and painful. Suspension hanging  which is very popular in Iran  is when the gallows itself is movable. The prisoner stands on the ground with the noose around their neck and the gallows is then lifted in to the air, taking the prisoner with it. The standard drop was in common use in English nations after the 1850s – it involved tying the noose around the prisoner’s neck and then dropping them a short distance to break the neck. This was the method used to execute the Nazi war criminals. The final method is the long drop, devised in 1872 in which the weight of a person was taken in to account to determine the correct rope and drop to be used to ensure the breaking of the neck.

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-Beheading

 Many nations allow beheading by law BUT Saudi Arabia is the country that uses it most often. The sentence is normally carried out on a Friday night in public outside the main mosque of the city after prayers. The penalty can be dealt for rape, murder, drug related crimes, and apostasy which means rejection of religious beliefs.

-Lethal injection room

The drugs for lethal injection are administered in the following order:

Sodium thiopental: This drug, also known as Pentathol is a barbiturate used as a surgical anesthetic. In surgery, a dose of up to 150mg is used; in execution, up to 5,000mg is used. This is a lethal dose. From this point on if the prisoner is still alive, he should feel nothing.

Pancuronium bromide: Also known as Pavulon, this is a muscle relaxant given in a strong enough dose to paralyse the diaphragm and lungs. This drug takes effect in 1-3 minutes. A normal medical dose is 40 – 100mcg per kilogram; the dose delivered in an execution is up to 100mg.

Potassium chloride: This is a toxic agent which induces cardiac arrest.

Saline solution is used to flush the IV between each dose. Within a minute of two after the final dose is given, a doctor declares the prisoner dead

Before an execution by lethal injection, the prisoner is prepared for his death. This can include a change of clothing, a last meal, and a shower. The prisoner is taken to the execution chamber and two IV tubes are inserted in to his arms; a saline solution is fed through the tubes. These tubes are then fed through the wall in to an anteroom from where the execution will be carried out. The anteroom contains direct telephone connections to officials who have the power to stay the execution. Once the IV tubes are connected, the curtains are drawn back so that witnesses may watch the execution, and the prisoner is allowed to make his last statement.Unless a stay is given, the execution begins. There can be one or more executioners, and sometimes in the case of multiple executioners, the lethal dose is given by only one so that no one knows who delivered it. The executioners are shielded from the view of the prisoner and witnesses.

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- The Electric Chair

 In execution by electric chair, the prisoner is strapped to the chair with metal straps and a wet sponge is placed in his head to aid conductivity. Electrodes are placed on the head and leg to create a closed circuit. Depending on the physical state of the prisoner, two currents of varying level and duration are applied. This is generally 2,000 volts for 15 seconds for the first current to cause unconsciousness and to stop the heart. The second current is usually lowered to 8 amps. The current will normally cause severe damage to internal organs and the body can heat up to 138 °F (59 °C). While unconsciousness should occur within the first second or two, there have been occasions where it has taken much longer, leading people to speak out against this method of execution.The post-execution cleanup is an unpleasant task as skin can melt to the electrodes and the person often loses control over bodily functions. The skin is also often burnt.

-Firing Squad

In this method a group of men  fire a single bullet in to the heart of the prisoner. In some cases, one of the shooters is given a blank  so that afterwards he will feel less guilt. None of the shooters knows who has a blank or, in fact, if any of them do.

- Gas Chamber

Prior to the execution, the executioner will enter the chamber and place potassium cyanide (KCN) pellets into a small compartment beneath the execution chair. The prisoner is then brought in and secured to the chair. The chamber is sealed and the executioner pours a quantity of concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) through a tube which leads to a holding compartment in the chair. The curtains are drawn back for witnesses to see the execution and the prisoner is asked to make his last statement. After the last statement, a level is thrown by the executioner and the acid mixes with the cyanide pellets generating lethal hydrogen cyanide (HCN) gas. The prisoners will generally have been told to take deep breaths in order to speed up unconsciousness, but in most cases they hold their breath. It seems death from hydrogen cyanide is painful and unpleasant. L

-Single Person Shooting

 Even  some countries use the firing squad, single person shooting is still found. In Soviet Russia, a single bullet to the back of the head was the most frequently used method of execution for military and non-military alike. In Taiwan, the prisoner is first injected with a strong anesthetic to render him senseless and then a bullet is fired in to his heart.This is still the main method of execution in Communist China though the gunshot can be to either the neck or head. In the past, the Chinese government would ask the family of the executed person to pay the price of the bullet.

-Guillotine

This is one of the two execution methods on this list which is no longer used anywhere in the world.The device itself is a large timber frame with a space at the bottom for the neck of the prisoner. At the top of the machine is a large angled blade. Once the prisoner is secured, the blade is dropped, severing the head and bringing about immediate death. Much speculation exists as to whether or not the person dies immediately, and one man went so far as to ask a prisoner to blink after his head was cut off if he could. The accounts tell us that he did blink, but it is most likely that if he did, it would have been a post-death twitch.

- Stoning

Stoning is an acceptable method of execution  under Islamic Sharia law’s and it is used in many Islamic nations. In Iran, stoning is sanctioned for adultery and other crimes. Sentences to death by stoning, or stoning without a sentence have occurred in Afghanistan, Nigeria, Iran, Pakistan, Sudan, Saudi-Arabia and the United Arab Emirates in recent years, according to the International Society of Human Rights.

-Garrote

The garrote is the second method of execution on this list which is no longer used by law in any country The garrote is a device that strangles a person to death. It can also be used to break a person’s neck. The device was used in Spain until it was outlawed in 1978 with the abolition of the death penalty. It normally consisted of a seat in which the prisoner was restrained while the executioner tightened a metal band around his neck until he died. Some versions of the garrote incorporated a metal bolt which pressed in to the spinal chord, breaking the neck.

Other than those method ,burning human alive ,live burial(also known as premature burial ), breaking on the wheel and drowning  also few more method that were used once as method of execution.Main reason for execution are when someone did a crime which is against law and religion.

I’m not sure about this ,but those are countries that already stop using execution and countries that still applying it.

Past methods

• Boiling

 • Breaking wheel

• Burning

Crucifixion

• Crushing

• Disembowelment

• Dismemberment

 • Drawing and quartering

• Elephant

• Flaying

 • Impalement

• Sawing

 • Slow slicing

Current methods

• Decapitation

 • Electrocution

 • Gas chamber

• Hanging

 •Lethal injection

Shooting (firing squad) 

• Stoning

• Nitrogen asphyxiation

Currently Still Using:

•Bangladesh

•Belarus

• China (PRC)

• Cuba

• Egypt

•India

• Iran

• Iraq

 • Japan

• Malaysia

•Mongolia

 •North Korea

 •Pakistan

•Saudi Arabia

 •Singapore

• South Korea

•Taiwan (ROC)

•  Tonga

 • United States

•Vietnam

Not Using Now(Past use)

• Australia

• Austria  

• Belgium

• Bhutan

• Brazil

• Bulgaria

• Canada

• Cyprus

• Denmark

• Ecuador

• France

 • Germany

• Gibraltar

• Hong Kong

• Hungary

 • Ireland

• Israel

• Italy

• Mexico

 • Netherlands

• New Zealand

• Norway

 • Philippines

• Poland

• Portugal

• Romania

 • Russia

• San Marino

• South Africa

• Spain

Sweden

• Switzerland

 • Turkey

• United Kingdom

 • Venezuela

Source:wiki

By:Lakdhes